OPERATING SYSTEM

System Software terdiri dari program-program yang mengontrol atau mempertahankan operasi komputer dan devicesnya.

DEFINISI :

• Operating System (OS) adalah sebuah program penghubung antara user komputer dan hardware komputer.
• OS merupakan kumpulan program yang dibuat oleh pabrik komputer dengan memperhatikan bentuk dan cara kerja hardware yang mereka miliki.
• Operating System berdasar American National Standart Institute (ANSI) adalah: Software yang mengontrol pelaksanaan program-program komputer, yaitu dengan mengatur waktu proses, pengecekan kesalahan, mengontrol input dan output, melakukan perhitungan, kompilasi, penyimpanan, pengolahan data serta pelbagai bentuk layanan yang terkait.

Tujuan Dari Operating System

• Untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan menggunakan komputer semaksimal mungkin, dalam melaksanakan pekerjaan khususnya untuk mengurangi ‘waktu nganggur’ yang dialami oleh komputer.  Program-program dalam OS biasanya ditulis dan disusun oleh pabrik komputer yang bersangkutan.
• Menyediakan keadaan yang mana users  dapat menjalankan program.
•  Untuk mengunakan hardware komputer  secara efisien

Sistem Operasi terdiri dari : Control Program dan OS Service. 

Fungsi Dasar Operating System

• Systems Management
• User Interface
• Memory Allocation
• Multitasting, Multiprogramming, and Multiprocessing
• Times and Statistic
• Increasing Services from O/Ss

The proces of starting or restarting a computer is called booting.

An operating system includes various shut down options.

A user interface controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen. With a graphical user interface (GUI), you interact with menus and visual images.

With a command-line interface, a user uses the keyboard to enter data and instructions.

How an operating systems handles programs directly affects your productivity?

• Single user and multiuser
• Single tasking and multitasking
• Foreground and background
• Preemptive and multitasking
• Multiprocessing

Memory management optimizes the use of RAM. Virtual memory is a portion of a storage medium functioning as additional RAM.

The operating system determines the order in which tasks are processed

Operatoring systems typically provide a means to establish Internet Connections

A performance monitor is a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices

Operating systems often provide users with the capability of:

• Managing files
• Searching for files
• Viewing images
• Securing a computer
• Uninstalling programs
• Cleaning up disks
• Defragmenting disks
• Diagnosing problems
• Backing up files and disks 
• Setting up screen savers

Automatic update automatically provides updates to the program

1. Some operating systems are designed to work with a server on a network. 
2. A server operating system organizes and coordinates how multiple users access and share resources on a network. 
3. A network administrator uses the server operating system to:
   Ø  Add and remove users, computers, and other devices
   Ø  Install software and administer network security

Each user has a user account

• A user name, or user ID, identifies a specific user
• A password is a private combination of characters associated with the user name

Types of Operating Systems